The modern Nation of Thailand is a multicultural society. The predominant Thai culture, identity and civilisation emerged as a by product of the interaction of the indigenous population with Tai and other immigrant peoples [ including Chinese and Indian ]. When people call themselves ‘’ Thai ’’ they mean they are in the political sense, subjects of the Thailand nation. If explored further the word has a cultural and, for many, a linguistic sense. However not all Thailand ladies speak Thai and of those who do so it is a second language for them. This Thai identity in its present form is relatively recent. Accordingly foreign men should understand that the words describing the female sector of the population of Thailand reflect in general terms a complicated subject and the differences need to be understood so as not to show ignorance but also to be well received for understanding the differences.There are more than 16 different ethnic groups of Thai ladies in North Thailand. Within these there are common differences and common similarities in some cases. For example with land usage [ highlanders, swidden farmers and wet rice producers ], religions or mythology groups and ethnic origins.Traditionally they are classified by their linguistic origins. The dominant ethnic group today are the Tai speakers, the Tai Yuan [ Khon Muang ], the Tai Yai [ Shan ], Tai Lue, Tai Khun and Tai Yong. The Tai tribes originally came from South West China.The original inhabitants since the metal Ages were the Austroasians [ the Austro-Asiatic speakers ] and this includes, the Mon, the Lawa, the H 'tin, Kammu and Khon Pa tribes [ including the Mlabri ].The Karen Thai lady speakers came from Burma [ Myanmar ]. The Tibeto-Burman speakers originated in Tibet and in Thailand they include, the Lisu, the Akha and the Lahu. The Haw also came from Yunnan [ but with Turkic ancestors ] and are Sinitic speakers. The Hmong and the Yao tribes also came from China and are Meo - Yao speakers.The inhabitants of Central Thailand after the prehistoric period were the Austro-Asiatic speakers, the Mon and the Khmer. Then came the Tai tribes and their principal group was the Siamese Tai. There are pockets of Mon speakers today but most tribes merged to produce a diverse looking nation.Another significant migration group were the Chinese, many of whom mixed into the local communities. As with the other regions there are also minor ethic groups. The largest of these minority ethnic groups are the Karen who inhabit the mountain range to the west along the Myanmar boarder.The Tai tribes came from China in the 13th C and the Khmers are believed to have come to Thailand [ and Cambodia ] in the 6th C , both groups displacing animist Austro Asiatic speakers of numerous tribes.The Khmers dominated the area and their language, beliefs and political systems were the basis of human daily life until displaced by the Tai. Today people call themselves Thai but this does not necessarily mean they are Tai
Tai Tribes In Central ThailandOf the 30 Tai tribes or Groups to be found in modern Thailand, 9 can be identified in Central Thailand. These are:
the Siamese Tai or Thai
Thai Khom
Thai Klang
Tai Noi or Central Thai ] [ over 20 million ]
The Phuan [ over 200,000 ]
The Tai Bueng [ over 6,000 ]
The Lao Ngaew [ 30,000 ]
The Lao Song [ 50,000 ]
The Lao Wieng [ 50,000 ]
The Lao Krang [ 50,000 ] and
The Yoy [ 10,000 ] The Tai speaking tribes are the more predominant in East [ North Eastern ] Thailand [ Isan ]. The 7 Tai Groups include, the Lao, the Lao I 'san [ or I 'san Tai ], the Khorat Tai, the Tai Yor, the Lao Wiang, the Lao Lom [ Tai Loei or Tai Dan ] and the Phu Tai. The significant groups in numbers are the Lao Isan [ in excess of 20 million ] and the Korat Tai [ 400,000 ]. The other groups each number between 20,000 to 80,000. The Mon Khmer language group of the Austro Asiatic language group in Isan comprise the Mon [ Nakhon Ratchasima ], the So and Kaleung [ Mukdahan, Sakhon Nakhon and Nakhon Phanom ], the Thavung [ Sakhon Nakhon ], Seak [ Nakhon Phanom ], Bru [ Ubon Ratchathani ], Chaobon [ Chaiyaphun and Nakhon Ratchasima ] and the Kui [ Surin, Si Sa Ket and Ubon Ratchathani ].There are altogether 19 Mon-Khmer speaking Thai lady groups in Thailand with 8 of these in Isan. Ethnic diversity varies in South Thailand from the north portion, which was traditionally the area of the Mon to the very South, which traditionally was the area for the Malay. The most obvious evidence today of the Mon boundaries are the numerous Mon Buddhist stone boundary markers [ circa 8 C ] which we see in Chaiya and neighbouring Provinces. The Mon State of Southern Burma [ Myanmar ] adjoins the northwest portion of the Peninsula.The Mon are Austro-Asiatic speakers of the Mon- Khmer group. In Myanmar they are referred to as the Talaing. Today in south Thailand they have been totally assimilated with the Tai.
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